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TAN ZI NING, 1001025346
CHONG HUE LI, 1001025115
NUR SYAHIRAH RAZALI, 1001025850
SEE TECK JIA, 1001025171

Monday, 13 June 2011

Health Risks of Chemical Hair Dyes

Dyeing hair seems to be a trend nowadays. Everyone dyes their hair regardless the age and the gender. Humans just tend to be not grateful of their natural hair colour.
There are risks associated with using these products. One of the main chemicals in most hair dyes has been banned in several European countries, and hair dye chemicals have been shown to have a variety of harmful effects in scientific experiments. Use of hair dye has been linked to allergic reactions, respiratory disorders and even cancer.


Urticaria, a kind of skin rash notable for pale red, raised, itchy bumps.
Skin and other allergic reactions pose the biggest risk to hair dye users. Signs of a mild reaction may only be irritation of the upper eyelids or rims of the ears, but in more severe reactions, the whole head or body may be involved. A severe form of allergic reaction is anaphylactic shock. When this occurs, the mouth and tongue swell and the airways constrict. Anaphylaxis can be rapidly fatal, and there have been isolated cases of hair dyes causing anaphylactic shock.
Skin reactions can occur on a person's first exposure to hair dye, or can suddenly occur in a person who has been using them long-term. A patch test before every dyeing is important to help detect skin allergies, but everytime dye is applied to the skin, the immune system may become sensitized, increasing the risk of future allergic reaction.

Lymphoma, a cancer in the lymphatic cells of the immune system.
Cancers develop due to a combination of many factors damaging the DNA of a cell in the body. While there is proof that hair dye chemicals do cause cancer in laboratory animals at high doses, it is still debated whether the low doses from hair dyes are sufficient to cause cancer in humans. Most studies have focused on a possible increased risk of bladder cancer. Some studies have found that women who had consistently used hair dye long term had higher levels, and other studies did not. 

If hair has been dyed many times, it becomes 'over-processed', which leads to brittle, dry hair that lack shine. Since hair only grows slowly (about 1.5cm/half an inch a month) longer hair can end up receiving multiple dye treatments. If other chemicals such as hair relaxers are used, the damage can be even worse, and over-processed hair easily breaks and splits. Unfortunately, there is really no solution to hair damage from dyeing, other than to stop dyeing. Using a deep conditioner and products specifically for dyed hair can help to reduce the damage and also maintain the colour. Try to dye only the roots, to reduce the number of times the length of hair dyed. 
P-Phenylenediamine (PPD) is the chemical that causes allergic reactions. PPD is present in over 2/3 of chemical hair dyes, and is known to be toxic to the immune system, skin, nervous system, respiratory system, liver and kidneys. It is the most toxic chemical in hair dyes. PPD is a skin sensitizer, meaning that it can stimulate the immune system to cause a variety of allergic reactions. The skin may become red, blister, itch and burn on exposure of PPD. Allergic reactions may also cause breathing difficulties and can even be fatal. Laboratory experiments have shown that PPD damages the DNA of human cells. Accumulated DNA damage leads to cancer. However, it is not conclusive whether the exposure to PPD from hair dyes is enough to cause cancer in women who dye their hair, although hair stylists who color hair at work do have higher cancer levels. Breathing in PPD fumes can cause the airways to narrow, making breathing difficult. This can be a transient reaction, or can cause long-term asthma. Severe lung problems and deaths have been reported after accidental ingestion of PPD. Hair dyes should always be kept out children's reach to prevent accidents.

Boxed, chemical hair dyes marketed as 'natural' typically do not contain resorcinol, ammonia or peroxide. However, they still contain at least some PPD, just a lower level. Lower levels are obviously better, but using these dyes does not completely remove the risk of suffering an allergic reaction or other side effect. 'Natural' hair dye manufacturers include Naturtint and Herbatint. Therefore, always look at the ingredients of any 'natural' hair dye to check out just how 'natural' it is.

There are some ways of minimizing the potential health risks. 
1) Darkest color hair dyes carry the most risk, due to the types of chemicals they contain. Try to use a lighter and warmer shade instead.
2) Minimize exposure and damage to the hair by dyeing it as infrequently as possible. 
Finally, investigate some of the more natural, less chemical hair 
dyes available on the market today!

Thursday, 9 June 2011

Everyone ♥s ICE-CREAM!! I scream, You scream, ICE-CREAM!!

The weather recently has been superbly HOT. There is nothing that comes to mind better to cool things down than some ice-cream! I like to eat ice-cream. Well, who doesn't like it right? ;) Even babies enjoy eating ice-cream.


 My 2-year-old twin baby cousins enjoying their cup of ice-cream.

 
 
Ice-creams tend to make us happier when we are consuming it. It is always the first choice among all the desserts. 


In this fast world, consumers are now consuming copious quantities of a chemical substitute falsely labelled as ice cream. The masses are being slowly poisoned by a concoction of anti-freeze, nitrates, lice killers, leather cleaners, rubber cement solvents and other scary combinations served up by uncaring mega corporations. At last count, there are over 1375 different flavorings, stabilizers, colors, and emulsifiers used in the manufacture of commercial ice cream.
Some of the artificial flavours are potent poisons which are powerful enough to cause liver, kidney, and heart disease, asthma attacks, allergic reactions, hay-fever, hyper activity and more. Nowadays, there are many manufacturers who use artificial flavouring in ice-cream because they are cheap.
For example, strawberry flavouring is known as benzyl acetate. It is a synthetic chemical which tastes like strawberry. Benzyl acetate is a nitrate solvent which is extremely dangerous and causes nausea and diarrhoea.  The chemical used to replace the nut flavours is butraldehyde, one of the ingredients in rubber cement.

Stabilizers make ice cream smooth; and emulsifiers make it stiff, so it can retain air. For example, propylene glycol which is also used in antifreeze, glycerin, sodium carboxyl methylcellulose, monoglycerides, diglycerides, disodium phosphates, tetrasodium pyrophosphate, polysorbate 80, and dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate.

Ice creams also have products which contains animal source ingredient known as gelatin that is made by boiling tissue, bones and skin of cows or pigs. A vegetarian might be unintentionally to eat it.

Ice cream can be a delicious way to get healthy fat, calcium, enzymes, vitamins, and minerals (if using real raw cream, egg yolks, and pure maple syrup) into children that are sometimes not big milk drinkers. Making ice cream on our is relatively simple with an electric ice cream maker.

Even if we don't have the time, or desire, to make our own ice cream, reach for the best high quality ice cream we can. Look for the ones that use simple, wholesome ingredients (cream as a first ingredient is a good sign). The cost may be a bit more, but can't beat the taste.

And stop worrying about the fat content; it's some of those dubious vegetable oils should be concerned about. Next time, fore go the antifreeze, oil paint, leather cleaner, and lice killer for something that resembles food. Food is supposed to taste good, just keep it simple and healthy!