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TAN ZI NING, 1001025346
CHONG HUE LI, 1001025115
NUR SYAHIRAH RAZALI, 1001025850
SEE TECK JIA, 1001025171

Saturday 30 July 2011

Helping MAMA

Do you love your mom?
If the answer is yes, then you must read the whole article to help out your exhausted mother.

         Every mother will somehow cook for their children. The taste of the food is a total different story compared to what I want to tell you all readers today. We as a loving child need to know what our mother needs. They need a helping hand whenever to clean their cooking utensils whenever after they cook.
            Cleaning cooking utensils is a tough job for each mom. WHY? Simply because they do not know the right chemical to use.
Cleaning cooking utensils is a part of a household art. We can use several different ingredient to clean various types of metals (not only cooking utensils). For example the traditional way of removing rust from knives and metal pots is by using lemon. Cut a whole fresh lemon into half and squeeze the juice onto the surface of the metal and spread it evenly. Wait for several minutes, then wipe it off with a cloth (be careful of your hand when wiping the knives). This process can be repeated several times for a better result. 





But the problem is why can lemon help to remove rust from metals?
As what we know, lemon is a type of citric fruit. This type of fruit will produce certain acids (mainly vitamin C) that are very useful to our health (when we eat it) and our surroundings (when we use it). I remember when I was in my chemistry class during secondary school, my teacher taught us that “when acid mixed with metal, it will produce salt and water”. So eventually I went and do some research on it and found out that it is practically useful to clean cooking utensils. Certainly u may use other acids to clean it but the safest and most convenient type of acid is still lemon juice because it is edible compared to other acids.
There are also other types of dirt we need to clean from cooking utensils other than rust. E.g. fats, grease, carbon (soot), oils, dust, fungus, mosses and other bacteria. Such cleaning will need lot more energy than just cooking. However with the correct use of acids, alkalis, solvent, detergent, water and heat, the process will be as simple as wiping dust off the surface.
First thing first, whenever a mother cooks, there will be certain amount of ‘smog’ emitted from the food. This ‘smog’ may contain things such as water vapor, oils and grease. When these ‘smog’ reaches the surface of your ceiling or any other surface, it may condense and accumulate at those surfaces. If the situation is left untreated, the ‘smog’ will harden and thicken becoming the food source of bacteria and fungus. Till then the ‘smog will be very hard to deal with even if you have a very good detergent. So cleaning the household regularly is recommended to curb this problem. To fix the problem, try using alkalis such as normal detergent or toothpaste. Place suitable amount of toothpaste over the smog and leave it for a while (5mins-30mins) then use solvent like ammonia solution or alcohol solution will help out a bit depends on the type of grease. Scrub it off after that. Detergents and toothpaste both have a common characteristic which is alkaline. These alkalis will soften the grease by using their hydroxide ions to neutralize the grease and oils which contains hydrogen ions and some unsaturated carbon bonds. After such bonds are broken, ammonias or alcohols are used to ‘stick’ up all the dirt off the surface. Such that the dirt leaves the surface and can be easily clean off. Such dirt will present in paste form or solid form when cleaned off. Some scrubbing may be practiced when cleaning it and to speed things up.



Next will be cleaning soot or burnt food at the bottom of the pots and pans. First prepare some acids preferably lemon or vinegar and a stove. Next pour 2 fresh lemon juice or 5 tablespoon of vinegar into the pot. Then put it on the stove to be mildly heated for half an hour. Leave it cool and then scrub it with a soft sponge. This will help and ease things up a little compared to the traditional way of keep scrubbing it. But the best way may just be buying a new pot because scrubbing the pot may end up damaging the bottom of the pot which may expose certain chemicals inside such as heavy metals which is highly hazardous; you won’t want your family to eat heavy metal food right? And do not use this technique if it is an aluminum pot.



Next up, the mission impossible for most Moms; cleaning molds from kitchen tiles. Not only they are unsightly but they also risk your family’s health as it may release toxics into the air we breathe. However cleaning it is a very tough job because most of these molds will tend to hide in the linings of the tiles and at certain angles where we can’t reach. To make things worse, these molds are plants which will grow roots; where these roots will anchor them into the linings of the tiles. Even if we manage to clean the surface there will be high possibilities for the mold to grow back at the same place as we could not uproot it totally. So to clean this up, we will need to kill it. First prepare some ammonia solution. Pour it over the stained linings and leave it for a few minutes. Pour in bleach to break the cells of the mold. Then rinse it with plenty of water as both of these is corrosive if contact to our skin. Use toothbrush and toothpaste to scrub the linings of the tiles to neutralize the toxic and decolorize the stained part. Leave it there for a few minutes to enable it to penetrate through the lining to clean the roots too. Rinse it of with water. Frequent cleaning with bleach is recommended as new mold will grow. Cleaning should be done as soon as any stain is visible and before the root fully anchored the mold. Or else the whole process need to be repeated again. 


Sunday 17 July 2011

Bubble Pop!

Who haven't heard of the word "soft drinks" or perhaps "carbonated drinks" and "soda"? Everyone knows it right.............right?  Sprite, 7up, Pepsi, Root Beer are the examples of carbonated drinks!


Not to forget, the famous legendary carbonated drink, Coca Cola!
**Just by looking at the pictures, I feel like going to a supermarket and grab them all :3
Carbonated drinks, as we are aware, are a mixture of carbonated water and other ingredients like flavours and additives. Carbonated drinks are made by dissolving carbon dioxide gas, CO2 and other ingredients; flavours, sweeteners, food acids etc. The process of dissolving carbon dioxide into water is called carbonation. When you dissolve carbon dioxide into water, it is called as carbonated water or sparkling water. It is a chemical formulation that gives out carbonic acid.


Carbonic acid has a chemical formula of H2CO3. Carbonated water is often the based of most soft drinks that are manufactured. There may be additives (such as sodium citrate, potassium sulphate and others) that may be used to give it a specific taste, flavour etc.. Sometimes, carbonated water is also useful in removing stains from coffee mugs or stains from silver.


How is soda pop carbonated?


The chemical formula as a result of carbonation gives the soft drinks it's bite. The fizzy taste is due to carbonic acid and not due to the bubbles. Carbonation is also used sometimes to lower the pH of a water solution. When the ingredients are combined and mixed in the container, the carbon dioxide gas filled the empty space at the top of the container. The bottle or can is then sealed. The carbon dioxide at the top of the container is under pressure and prevents any of the dissolved carbon dioxide from escaping the solution.


When the bottle is opened, a familiar "hiss" sound is heard and the carbon dioxide gas in the top of the bottle is released. The dissolved carbon dioxide can now escape from the solution; the result is the familiar bubbling carbonated drink. But then, the carbon dioxide does not escape on it's own, but forms a molecule called the nucleus so that they have the power to resists fluids, escape to the surface. This molecule can be seen when we poured the drink into a glass, then at the edge will form bubbles that look together. This nucleus also provide delicious sensation on the tongue.


What are the ingredients and composition of a carbonated drink? 


The content of carbon dioxide in soft drinks depends on the type of drink. For beverages containing flavour imitation, usually used in high carbonation levels. In the beverage with fruit flavours that contain high sugar levels of carbon dioxide is preferably low. Let's take a few examples of composition from a coca cola drink. 


  1. Cane sugar - sucrose which has been extracted from a sugar cane that produces naturally high concentrations of this sweet substance. Many people prefer it because they believe it has a superior flavour.
  2. Phosphoric acid - creates an acid medium that enhances the absorption of carbon dioxide (which is also forms carbonic acid in water); reducing the pressure required and allowing the mixture to be bottled with a metal cap.
  3. Sodium benzoate - keep soft drinks fresh and prevent harmful bacteria from growing.
  4. Citric acid - for flavouring and buffering properties; Increase the effectiveness of anti-microbial preservatives.
  5. Ace-K (Acesulfame potassium) - calorie-free artificial sweetener.
But, there are some ingredients that can bring destructive to health such as caffeine where it is an addictive drug that has the ability to stimulate mental alertness, overcome fatigue, and enhance endurance. Over consumption of soft drinks also brings a major cause of tooth decay. Similarly carbonated beverages are not directly associated with high risk of bone fracture.


Now, almost every restaurant especially those fast food branches offers carbonated drinks in their menu list. So far, we've been to many restaurants such as KFC, McDonalds, and Old Town White Coffee and we had Coca Cola, Sprite, and all those frizzy drinks! Check us out having fun drinking carbonated drinks below hehehe


 
Zi Ning probably was drinking Pepsi that time :) 
[Her expression? Maybe because she was fizzed (is that even a word?) by the "bubbles" haha]
Lily and her Coca Cola with ice cream float on top! *drools*
And lastly, me enjoying my McDonald's McValue lunch with my favourite drink, Sprite!


Take care of your health, do not drink too much of carbonated drinks!  


That's all from me; Syira. Till then!

P/s : Well, perhaps once in a while is fine, especially if you are a lover (like me) hehe